Before entering the exam room, all surfaces, such as dental chair, drawer handle and countertop should be disinfected. In order to sterilize non-moving devices, such as X-ray devices and mesas, disinfectant is applied after each patient to ensure a sterile environment. Some offices may change the protective cover after each patient and then replace these devices. Disposable sharp items, such as needles, can not be sterilized and are handled in a container that is resistant to puncture and biohazards. Anything that is contaminated with blood or saliva is placed in a special container with a safety cap.
