When a patient has severe tooth pain, we usually take X-rays of the teeth in question. Toothache is usually caused by reversible and irreversible pulpitis.
We will also test it by feeling the surrounding infection, hitting it, and/or putting ice cubes on it. This allows us to better understand whether pain comes from a tooth.
If there isn't any cavity in the tooth and it looks healthy, then we usually try to find another source of pain, such as a sinus infection (sinusitis).