Four out of five people suffer from periodontal disease and do not know it! Most people do not realize that because this disease is usually painless at an early stage. Unlike tooth decay, which often causes discomfort, periodontal disease may have no obvious symptoms. Regular dental examinations and periodontal examinations are very important and help detect the presence of periodontal disease.
Gum disease starts on the teeth and gums leaving behind a thick layer of viscous, colourless bacteria, food debris and salivary membranes. Bacteria produce toxins (acids) that cause gingival inflammation and slowly destroy bones. Regular and proper brushing and flossing will ensure that plaque will not remain and cause injury.
In addition to poor oral hygiene, there are several other factors that may increase the risk of developing periodontal disease:
Smoking or chewing tobacco - Smokers are more likely to develop plaque and tartar on their teeth than non-smokers.
Certain dental or appliance conditions - bridges that are no longer appropriate, crowded teeth or defective fillings may block plaque and bacteria.
Many drugs - steroids, cancer treatment drugs, antihypertensive drugs, oral contraceptives. Some drugs have side effects that reduce saliva, making it easier for dry mouth and plaque to adhere to teeth and gums.
Pregnancy, oral contraceptives and puberty - can cause changes in hormone levels, causing gum tissue to be more sensitive to bacterial toxins.
Systemic diseases - Diabetes, blood cell diseases, HIV/AIDS, etc.
Heritability may play a role - some patients may be susceptible to more aggressive periodontitis. Patients with a family history of tooth loss should pay particular attention to gums.
Signs and symptoms of periodontal disease
Red and bloated gums - gums should not be red or swollen.
Gingival Bleeding - Even if you use force brushing or flossing, your gums should not bleed.
Halitosis persists - caused by oral bacteria.
New distance between teeth - caused by bone loss.
Loose teeth - also caused by bone loss or weakening of periodontal fibres (the fibers of the teeth supporting the skeleton).
Abscesses around the teeth and gums - Indicates an infection.
Gum Atrophy - The gums disappear around the teeth.
Softness or Discomfort - Plaques, tartar and bacteria can irritate gums and teeth.
Good oral hygiene, balanced diet and regular dental examinations can help reduce the risk of periodontal disease.
