Are tooth-bleaching and other whitening products safe?

Mostly right. Teeth whitening does not make teeth easier to cavities. However, professional and home bleaching may have varying degrees of success and can cause some teeth to be sensitive, ranging from smaller gum irritation to more severe discomfort. (This usually subsides once the treatment stops.
Professional bleaching treatments (those that your dentist supervises) allow for bleach, a higher concentration of about 35% peroxidation, over-over-the-counter products,
Excessive over-the-counter treatments such as gels and whitening strips contain a weak bleaching solution - usually up to 10% peroxide. Although they may be less sensitive to teeth and gums, they may need longer bleaching than specialty bleaches. Can produce whitening effect.
Laser and photobleaching can produce results in a few sessions, but ADA says that there has not been a study on the full safety and efficacy of these processes.